668 The Loom oj Language Sumenans, 422 superlative, no Swahdi, 193, 209 Swedish, 206, 276 ff , see also Scandi- navian Swedish, literary, 281-2 Swedish spelling, 237-8 syllable writing, 48, 61 syllables, 53, 69, 214 synonyms, in conversation 27 synonyms, unnecessary, 500 syntax, 122,129 ff, 184 syntax, and good writing, 171 syntax, changes in, 168 syntax, German, 302 ff synthetic languages, 107 Tahman, 194 Tamil, 195 Tartar, 193, 194 Tascoman, 253 technical terms, 24, 496 ff telegraphic codes, 85 Telugu, 195 tense, 103, 105-8, 321, 489 tenses, compound, 104 tenses, Romance, 337-9, 390-3 Teutonic language, parent, 181,186- 18? Teutonic languages, 194, 206-9 Teutonic languages and English, differences, 273 Teutonic speakers, number, 406 Tibetan, 193* I94> 441 Tibeto-Burmese group, 425 Tigre", 424 Tignna3 424 ol»345 tilde, 255 tune, directives or, 146 Tokharmn, 189 tone, interrogative, 159 tones, 63, 425, 433-4 Tooke, Home, 179-80 traffic signs, 49, 57 transitive, 149 transitive and intransitive, in German, 3o6 tncks of language-learning, 20, 24 tnhteralism, 70, 424 Turco-Tartar languages, 194 Turkish, 193, 194, 200, 489 Turkish script, 416, 436 Ukrainian, 416 Ulfilas, 102, 178, 265 Umlaut, 206 Umversal-Sprache, 459 Urdu, 412 Vandals, 343 Vedic, 407, 408 Vedic hymns, 190 Veltpari, 459 verb, 31, 119-21, 148 ff, see also irregular verbs verb, causative, 150, 206 verb, Celtic, 418-19 verb, Dutch, 285 verb economy, 474-5, 477 verb, Burnish, 198 verb flexions, Dutch and German, 283-4 verb flexions, English, 262-5 verb flexions, Gothic, 265 verb flexions, Scandinavian, 277 verb, French, 378-80 verb, German, 297 ff verb, Gothic, 265 verb, Greek and Sanskrit, 409 verb, impersonal, 169, 171 verb, in Basic English, 503-4 verb, in Interlingua, 469-70 verb, Italian, 382 verb, Latin, 321 ff verb, Persian, 410 verb, Portuguese, 380-4 verb prefixes, German, 302 verb, Romance, 378 ff verb, Russian, 415-16 verb, separable, 302-3 verb, Spanish, 380-4 verb, strong and weak, 104, 107, 270 verb, Teutonic, 187,191,206-9,270 ff verb, vagueness of meaning, 148 verbal noun, 139 vernaculars, rise of, 443 vestiges, grammatical, 35-6 vocabulary, basic, 29 ff vocabulary, basic, number of words needed, 24, 30 vocabulary, conversational and writ- ten, 27 vocabulary, for auxiliary language, 494 ff vocative case, 314, 318 vocatives, 90