344 The Loom of Language large admixture of non-Latin words. Germanic tabes left fewer traces than in French, and these few connected with war and feudal institu- tions Many hundreds of Arabic words bear testimony to what Spain owes to a civilization vastly superior to its Catholic successor. The sample printed below shows how Arabic infected all levels of the Spanish vocabulary The ubiquitous al- of algebra is the Arabic article glued on to its noun ARABIC SPANISH poor, paltry misqin mezqumo water-mill as-samyat acena mayor al-qadi alcalde constable al-wazir alguacil suburb ar-rabad airabal dram al-ballaeat albanal cistern al-zubb aljibe coffin at-tabut ataud young corn al-qasil alcacel jessamine yasamin jaznun alcohol al-quhl alcohol lute al-'ud laud None the less, the Spanish vocabulary is essentially a basic stratum of Vulgar with a superstructure of Classical Latin* The same is true of Portuguese, which has fewer Basque and more French loan-words. Otherwise the verbal stock-in-trade of the two Iberian dialects is similar. Needless to say, a few very common things have different Spanish and Portuguese, as some common things have different Scots, American^ and English namesa e g.. SPANISH PORTUGUESE child mno cnan