How to Learn the Basic Word List 243 the lh sound of million, represented by LL, may replace any one of the three compounds cited. In Portuguese the three consonant combi- nations make way foi the sh sound represented by CH. PORTU- LATIN ITALIAN SPANISH FRENCH ENGLISH GUESE PLENO pieno lleno cheio plem full PLUERJE piovere Hover chover pleuvoir to rain CLAVE chiave Have chave clef key FLAMMA fiamma llama chama flamme flame In two of its daughter dialects the medial and final I of a Latin word often takes the soft value of lh in million The symbol for this is GL in Italian and LH m Portuguese In Spanish it gave way to the ch in Scots loch This is represented by J In many French words, including all those in the list below, a Latin L has become the y sound in yes This pronunciation, which is Parisian in origin, appears from the seven- teenth century on and does not intrude in the written language LATIN ITALIAN SPANISH PORTUGUESE FRENCH ENGLISH AURICULA orecchio oreja orelha oreille ear CONSILIO consiglio conse^o conselho conseil counsel FILIA figlia hija filha fille daughter FOLIA foglia hoja folha feuille leaf OCULO occhio OJO olho ceil eye PALEA pagha paja pallia paille straw TRIPALIO travagho txabajo trabalho travail work Between vowels b and p of Latin words were also unstable Of the two the former softened to the v sound even before Vulgaf Latin broke up In French it maintains itself as # or has faded out, in Italian and Portuguese words it vacillates between b and z>, and m Spanish it appears uniformly as b> but the Spanish Academy Grammar admits that