How to Learn the Basic Word List      241
(2)	Words containing the sound 3 (p 83) represented by the French
J oijeu (game) or G of rouge (red)j e g vision or treasure
(3)	Words beginning with J and G pronounced as J in jam> e g
gentle') giant} jacket
 (4)	Neaily all words containing O/, e g boil, moisture^ soil
 (5)	All words in which OU stands for long u_3 e g group, soup, tour
 (6)	Words beginning with CH followed by a (where ch = tsh\ e g
challenges change, charm
(7)	Words with final GUE, initial QU, and final QUE, e g fatigue,
quarter, brusque
 (8)	All words in which final S and T are mute, e g debris, bouquet
 (9)	Nearly all words ending in -ANT, -ENT, e g  agent, merchant,
student
(10) Most polysyllabic words with end stress, e g buffoon, campaign,
elite
At one time the habit of attaching Latin affixes to native words or
words containing a Greek or Teutonic root was frowned on So other
signposts are several Latin particles, or numerals used as affixes (contra-,
pre-y a- or ad-, ante-, per-, multi-_y um-, di~, tn-) Some of these are
easily confused with Greek ones (a-, anti-> pen-) which do not mean
the same The abstract noun-ending -ton in constipation is also Latin,
as is the termination -it in deposit The following is a list of the more
common affixes of Latin or French origin and the characteristic
meaning of the prefixes

(a) PREFIXES |
ab- (away)                evtra- (beyond) | re- (again)
ad- (to)                    in- (in) | retro- (backward)
ambi- (both)             in-, ne-> non- (not) | semi- (half)
ante- (before)           inter- (between) | sine- (without)
bene- (well)               intra- (within) | sub- (under)
bi- (twice)                pen- (almost) | subter- (under)
circum- (around)      per- (through) | super- (above)
contra- (against)      post- (after) | tram" (across)
con- (with)               pre- (before) | tn- (three)
de- (from)                prefer- (beyond) | ultra- (beyond)
ex-, e- (out of)        pro- (for, forth) | vice- (in place of)
(J) SUFFIXES |
-able             -ance                   -esque | -ite              -ment
~aciom         -ary                     -ess, | -ity              -many
-acy              -ery or ~ory         -ette | -ive              -tude
-age              -ent) ant               -ion | -ise
Like French, all Romance languages have a stock of old words of a
more familiar type derived directly from Vulgar Latin, and a newer,